Apache Kafka and ksqlDB in Action: Let’s Build a Streaming Data Pipeline!
A presentation at Big Data LDN by Robin Moffatt
Apache Kafka and ksqlDB in Action: Let’s Build a Streaming Data Pipeline! Robin Moffatt @rmoff
$ whoami • Robin Moffatt (@rmoff) • Senior Developer Advocate at Confluent (Apache Kafka, not Wikis 😉) • Working in data & analytics since 2001 • Oracle ACE Director (Alumnus) http://rmoff.dev/talks · http://rmoff.dev/blog · http://rmoff.dev/youtube @rmoff | @confluentinc
Kafka is an Event Streaming Platform App App App App request-response changelogs App messaging OR stream processing App KAFKA App App DWH Hadoop streaming data pipelines @rmoff | @confluentinc
What is an Event Streaming Platform? Producer Connectors Consumer The Log Connectors Streaming Engine @rmoff | @confluentinc
Immutable Event Log Old New Messages are added at the end of the log @rmoff | @confluentinc
Topics Clicks Orders Customers Topics are similar in concept to tables in a database @rmoff | @confluentinc
Partitions Clicks p0 P1 P2 Messages are guaranteed to be strictly ordered within a partition @rmoff | @confluentinc
Messages are just K/V bytes plus headers + timestamp Clicks Header Timestamp Key Value @rmoff | @confluentinc
Serialisation & Schemas JSON Avro Protobuf Schema JSON CSV 👍 👍 👍 😬 https://rmoff.dev/qcon-schemas @rmoff | @confluentinc
Consumers have a position all of their own Old New Sally Scan is here @rmoff | @confluentinc
Consumers have a position all of their own Old New Fred is here Scan Sally Scan is here @rmoff | @confluentinc
Consumers have a position all of their own George Scan is here Old New Fred is here Scan Sally Scan is here @rmoff | @confluentinc
@rmoff | @confluentinc Photo by Victor Garcia on Unsplash Streaming Data Pipelines
Database Offload Amazon S3 RDBMS Kafka Connect Kafka Connect HDFS @rmoff | @confluentinc
Real-time Event Stream Enrichment order events customer orders C D C RDBMS <y> customer Stream Processing @rmoff | @confluentinc
Building a streaming data pipeline @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Integration + Processing @rmoff | @confluentinc
Integration @rmoff | @confluentinc
Streaming Integration with Kafka Connect syslog Sources Kafka Connect Kafka Brokers @rmoff | @confluentinc
Streaming Integration with Kafka Connect Amazon S3 Sinks Google BigQuery Kafka Connect Kafka Brokers @rmoff | @confluentinc
Streaming Integration with Kafka Connect Amazon S3 syslog Google BigQuery Kafka Connect Kafka Brokers @rmoff | @confluentinc
Look Ma, No Code! { “connector.class”: “io.confluent.connect.jdbc.JdbcSourceConnector”, “connection.url”: “jdbc:mysql://asgard:3306/demo”, “table.whitelist”: “sales,orders,customers” } @rmoff | @confluentinc
Serialisation & Schemas JSON Avro Protobuf Schema JSON CSV 👍 👍 👍 😬 https://rmoff.dev/qcon-schemas @rmoff | @confluentinc
Extensible Connector Transform(s) Converter @rmoff | @confluentinc
Confluent Hub hub.confluent.io @rmoff | @confluentinc
Kafka Connect Standalone Worker S3 Task #1 JDBC Task #1 JDBC Task #2 Worker Offsets @rmoff | @confluentinc
Kafka Connect Distributed Workers S3 Task #1 JDBC Task #1 Kafka Connect cluster JDBC Task #2 Worker Worker Offsets Config Status Fault-tolerant? Yeah! @rmoff | @confluentinc
Multiple Distributed Clusters S3 Task #1 JDBC Task #1 Kafka Connect cluster #1 JDBC Task #2 Kafka Connect cluster #2 Offsets Offsets Config Config Status Status @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Integration + Processing @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Processing @rmoff | @confluentinc
} “reading_ts”: “2020-02-14T12:19:27Z”, “sensor_id”: “aa-101”, “production_line”: “w01”, “widget_type”: “acme94”, “temp_celcius”: 23, “widget_weight_g”: 100 Photo by Franck V. on Unsplash { @rmoff | @confluentinc
SELECT * FROM WIDGETS WHERE WEIGHT_G > 120 { SELECT COUNT(*) FROM WIDGETS GROUP BY PRODUCTION_LINE } “reading_ts”: “2020-02-14T12:19:27Z”, “sensor_id”: “aa-101”, “production_line”: “w01”, “widget_type”: “acme94”, “temp_celcius”: 23, “widget_weight_g”: 100 Photo by Franck V. on Unsplash SELECT AVG(TEMP_CELCIUS) AS TEMP FROM WIDGETS GROUP BY SENSOR_ID HAVING TEMP>20 CREATE SINK CONNECTOR dw WITH ( Object store, ‘connector.class’ = ‘S3Connector’, data warehouse, ‘topics’ = ‘widgets’ RDBMS …); @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Processing with ksqlDB Source stream @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Processing with ksqlDB Source stream @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Processing with ksqlDB Source stream @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Processing with ksqlDB Source stream Analytics @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Processing with ksqlDB Source stream Applications / Microservices @rmoff | @confluentinc
Stream Processing with ksqlDB …SUM(TXN_AMT) GROUP BY AC_ID AC _I D= 42 BA LA NC AC E= _I 94 D= .0 42 0 Source stream Applications / Microservices @rmoff | @confluentinc
Scaling ksqlDB Kafka cluster ksqlDB @rmoff | @confluentinc
Scaling ksqlDB Kafka cluster ksqlDB Work split by partition ksqlDB ksqlDB cluster @rmoff | @confluentinc
Think Applications, not database instances ksqlDB cluster Kafka cluster ksqlDB cluster Fraud Inventory ksqlDB cluster Orders @rmoff | @confluentinc
Let’s Build It! Rating events App Pro d uc e rA PI { “rating_id”: 5313, “user_id”: 3, “stars”: 4, “route_id”: 6975, “rating_time”: 1519304105213, “channel”: “web”, “message”: “worst. flight. ever. #neveragain” } @rmoff | @confluentinc
Let’s Build It! Rating events App User data Pro d uc e rA PI a k f a K t c e n n o C RDBMS @rmoff | @confluentinc
Let’s Build It! Rating events App User data RDBMS Pro d uc e rA PI a k f a K t c e n n o C Kafka Connect Operational Dashboard Elasticsearch ksqlDB Join events to users, and filter @rmoff | @confluentinc
Let’s Build It! Rating events App a k f a K t c e n n o C App u s n o C uc e rA PI Kafka Connect a fk t Ka ec n RDBMS Pro d I P A r e m Operational Dashboard Elasticsearch n Co User data Push notification ksqlDB Join events to users, and filter Data Lake SnowflakeDB/ S3/HDFS/etc @rmoff | @confluentinc
Let’s Build It! Rating events App Push notification Pro d I P A r e m App u s n o C uc e rA PI Demo Time! a fk t Ka ec n RDBMS Operational Dashboard Elasticsearch n Co User data a k f a K t c e n n o C Kafka Connect ksqlDB Join events to users, and filter Data Lake SnowflakeDB/ S3/HDFS/etc @rmoff | @confluentinc
Push notification Rating events App Kafka Connect a fk t Ka ec n RDBMS u s n o C uc e rA PI a k f a K t c e n n o C App Operational Dashboard Elasticsearch n Co User data Pro d I P A r e m ksqlDB Join events to users, and filter Data Lake SnowflakeDB/ S3/HDFS/etc @rmoff | @confluentinc
Push notification to Slack Rating events App Pro d I P A r e m App u s n o C uc e rA PI Kafka Connect Operational Dashboard Elasticsearch n Co a fk t Ka ec n a k f a K t c e n n o C poor_ratings Data ratings ksqlDB User data RDBMS Lake Filter events S3/HDFS/ SnowflakeDB etc @rmoff | @confluentinc
{ “rating_id”: 5313, “user_id”: 3, “stars”: 4, “route_id”: 6975, “rating_time”: 1519304105213, “channel”: “web”, “message”: “worst. flight. ever. #neveragain” Filter all ratings where STARS<3 POOR_RATINGS } Producer API CREATE STREAM POOR_RATINGS AS SELECT * FROM ratings WHERE STARS <3 @rmoff | @confluentinc
Kafka Connect Rating events App a k f a K t c e n n o C App u s n o C uc e rA PI Kafka Connect a fk t Ka ec n RDBMS Pro d I P A r e m Operational Dashboard Elasticsearch n Co User data Push notification to Slack Join events to users, and filter Data Lake SnowflakeDB/ S3/HDFS/etc @rmoff | @confluentinc
Producer API MySQL t c e n n o C a k f Ka m u i z e b e D @rmoff | @confluentinc
Time The Stream/Table Duality Stream Account ID Amount 12345 + £50 12345
- £25 12345
- £60 Table Account ID Balance 12345 £50 Account ID Balance 12345 £75 Account ID Balance 12345 £15 @rmoff | @confluentinc
The truth is the log. The database is a cache of a subset of the log. —Pat Helland Immutability Changes Everything http://cidrdb.org/cidr2015/Papers/CIDR15_Paper16.pdf Photo by Bobby Burch on Unsplash
{ “rating_id”: 5313, “user_id”: 3, “stars”: 4, “route_id”: 6975, “rating_time”: 1519304105213, “channel”: “web”, “message”: “worst. flight. ever. #neveragain” } Producer API Join each rating to customer data RATINGS_WITH_CUSTOMER_DATA t c e n n o C a k f a K { “id”: 3, “first_name”: “Merilyn”, “last_name”: “Doughartie”, “email”: “[email protected]”, “gender”: “Female”, “club_status”: “platinum”, “comments”: “none” CREATE STREAM RATINGS_WITH_CUSTOMER_DATA AS SELECT * FROM RATINGS LEFT JOIN CUSTOMERS ON R.ID=C.ID; } @rmoff | @confluentinc
{ “rating_id”: 5313, “user_id”: 3, “stars”: 4, “route_id”: 6975, “rating_time”: 1519304105213, “channel”: “web”, “message”: “worst. flight. ever. #neveragain” } Producer API t c e n n o C a k f a K Join each rating to customer data RATINGS_WITH_CUSTOMER_DATA Filter for just PLATINUM customers UNHAPPY_PLATINUM_CUSTOMERS { “id”: 3, “first_name”: “Merilyn”, “last_name”: “Doughartie”, “email”: “[email protected]”, “gender”: “Female”, “club_status”: “platinum”, “comments”: “none” CREATE STREAM UNHAPPY_PLATINUM_CUSTOMERS AS SELECT * FROM RATINGS_WITH_CUSTOMER_DATA WHERE STARS < 3 } @rmoff | @confluentinc
{ “rating_id”: 5313, “user_id”: 3, “stars”: 4, “route_id”: 6975, “rating_time”: 1519304105213, “channel”: “web”, “message”: “worst. flight. ever. #neveragain” CREATE TABLE RATINGS_BY_CLUB_STATUS AS SELECT CLUB_STATUS, COUNT(*) Join each rating to customer data FROM RATINGS_WITH_CUSTOMER_DATA Producer APWINDOW I TUMBLING RATINGS_WITH_CUSTOMER_DATA (SIZE 1 MINUTES) GROUP BY CLUB_STATUS; } t c e n n o C a k f a K { “id”: 3, “first_name”: “Merilyn”, “last_name”: “Doughartie”, “email”: “[email protected]”, “gender”: “Female”, “club_status”: “platinum”, “comments”: “none” } Aggregate per-minute by CLUB_STATUS RATINGS_BY_CLUB_STATUS_1MIN @rmoff | @confluentinc
Kafka Connect → Elasticsearch @rmoff | @confluentinc
on Photo by Want to learn more? CTAs, not CATs (sorry, not sorry) @rmoff | @confluentinc
Free Books! https://rmoff.dev/kafka-books @rmoff | @confluentinc
60 DE VA DV $50 USD off your bill each calendar month for the first three months when you sign up https://rmoff.dev/ccloud Free money! (additional $60 towards your bill 😄 ) Fully Managed Kafka as a Service * Limited availability. Activate by 11th September 2020. Expires after 90 days of activation. Any unused promo value on the expiration date will be forfeited.
Learn Kafka. Start building with Apache Kafka at Confluent Developer. developer.confluent.io
Confluent Community Slack group cnfl.io/slack @rmoff | @confluentinc
Further reading / watching • Kafka as a Platform: the Ecosystem from the Ground Up • https://rmoff.dev/kafka101 http://rmoff.dev/youtube • Apache Kafka and ksqlDB in Action: Let’s Build a Streaming Data Pipeline! • https://rmoff.dev/ljc-kafka-01 • From Zero to Hero with Kafka Connect • https://rmoff.dev/ljc-kafka-02 • Introduction to ksqlDB • https://rmoff.dev/ljc-kafka-03 • Integrating Oracle and Kafka • https://rmoff.dev/oracle-and-kafka • The Changing Face of ETL: Event-Driven Architectures for Data Engineers • https://rmoff.dev/oredev19-changing-face-of-etl • 🚂On Track with Apache Kafka: Building a Streaming Platform solution with Rail Data • https://rmoff.dev/oredev19-on-track-with-kafka @rmoff | @confluentinc
Resources #EOF • CDC Spreadsheet • Blog: No More Silos: How to Integrate your Databases with Apache Kafka and CDC • #partner-engineering on Slack for questions • BD team (#partners / [email protected]) can help with introductions on a given sales op @rmoff | @confluentinc
Have you ever thought that you needed to be a programmer to do stream processing and build streaming data pipelines? Think again! Apache Kafka is a distributed, scalable, and fault-tolerant streaming platform, providing low-latency pub-sub messaging coupled with native storage and stream processing capabilities. Integrating Kafka with RDBMS, NoSQL, and object stores is simple with Kafka Connect, which is part of Apache Kafka. ksqlDB is the event streaming database for Apache Kafka, and makes it possible to build stream processing applications at scale, written using a familiar SQL interface.
In this talk, we’ll explain the architectural reasoning for Apache Kafka and the benefits of real-time integration, and we’ll build a streaming data pipeline using nothing but our bare hands, Kafka Connect, and ksqlDB.
Gasp as we filter events in real-time! Be amazed at how we can enrich streams of data with data from RDBMS! Be astonished at the power of streaming aggregates for anomaly detection!
Video
Resources
The following resources were mentioned during the presentation or are useful additional information.
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☁️Confluent Cloud
Fully Managed Apache Kafka, Schema Registry, ksqlDB, and Connectors.
- Use promo code 60DEVADV to get an additional $60 of free Confluent Cloud usage. Be sure to activate it by Dec. 31, 2021, and to use it within 90 days after activation. Any unused promo value on the expiration date will be forfeited and there are a limited number of codes available, so don’t miss out!
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📌Kafka as a Platform: the Ecosystem from the Ground Up
Kafka 101 - introducing the concepts, the APIs, and the ecosystem
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Integrating Oracle and Kafka
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👾Demo code
Try out the demo for yourself - all you need is Docker and Docker Compose.
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📚Free eBooks
Free eBooks to download, including Kafka: The Definitive Guide.
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ℹ️ Confluent Developer
Tutorials, videos, blogs, podcasts, and more - all for developers working with Apache Kafka and Confluent Platform
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🎥 Kafka Connect tutorials on YouTube
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🧩 Confluent Hub
Huge list of connectors for Kafka Connect
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👾 Building a Telegram Bot Powered by Apache Kafka and ksqlDB
A fun blog showing what you can do with ksqlDB and Kafka
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💬 Confluent Community Slack group
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📌 Apache Kafka and ksqlDB in Action: Let’s Build a Streaming Data Pipeline!
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📌 Introduction to ksqlDB
Learn all about ksqlDB in this 45 minute talk & live demo
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📌From Zero to Hero with Kafka Connect
Learn all about Kafka Connect (including the connectors available with ksqlDB)
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📌The Changing Face of ETL: Event-Driven Architectures for Data Engineers
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🚂On Track with Apache Kafka: Building a Streaming Platform solution with Rail Data
Apache Kafka and Confluent Platform in Action! Using live streams of rail movement data in all sorts of useful ways for analysis and applications.
